The Nazis’ Legacy of Silence

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This week an essay by Jessica Shattuck in The New York Times caught my attention. Entitled “I Loved My Grandmother. But She Was a Nazi,” it recounts how the author tried to reconcile her grandmother’s connection to the Nazis with the sweet and gentle woman she knew. At best, her grandmother gave stock responses or evasive answers to her many questions about that time. The essay resonated especially sharply with me. Having helped a German born, naturalized American doctor write his memoir, Backbone: The Life and Game-Changing Career of a Spinal Neurosurgeon, I recognized in it what I think of as the Nazis’ legacy of silence.

I was thinking about that silence, anyway, in preparing to respond to fellow writer and blogger Charli Mills’s flash fiction prompt this week: to write about an audience. As it happens, there is a moving scene in Backbone, wherein my author, Dr. Volker K. H. Sonntag, is to give a keynote speech in Berlin to a combined convention of German and American neurosurgeons. Like Sonntag, the German doctors had all been born during the war or immediately following the defeat of the Nazis. As Dr. Sonntag explains in the story:

After casting around for a topic I could get my teeth into, I decided to call on my own experience as a naturalized American born in East Germany in the last days of World War II, just as the Russians were massing at the border like a cresting wave. I called the presentation “A Personal Reflection of the Cold War.”

Brochure on the United States Refugee Program, 1950sWhen I first met Dr. Sonntag 4 1/2 years ago, this was the story we set out to tell in his book: how, in the last days of the war, his mother fled the East with her infant son, Volker, and his brother in tow; how, after the defeat of the Nazis, the family languished in an allied refugee camp for 4 years; how their brief postwar recovery was halted by a brain abscess in his father’s parietal lobe that destroyed his career as a dentist; and how they immigrated to the United States in 1957, where the young man overcame further adversities to realize his version of the “American Dream”—and came to grips with Germany’s Nazi past.

Backbone: The Life adn Game-Changing Career of a Spinal Neurosurgeon by Volker K. H. Sonntag, MD
Dr. Sonntag’s memoir, to be released May 2, 2017.

While that version still exists, the current book relegates that story to the background and focuses on Dr. Sonntag’s remarkable career as a pioneering spinal neurosurgeon. Certainly the story of his rise in the high-stakes world of neurosurgery is no less thrilling than his immigrant chronicle. But it was that earlier account that came to mind this week.

The questions Miss Shattuck grapples with are those that Dr. Sonntag and his contemporaries have struggled with, at even less of a distance. He was born to educated, bourgeoise parents in late 1944, in the walled city of Graudenz, which was then in East Germany and is now the Polish town of Grudziądz—”a city,” he writes, “that was fast becoming a landscape of bombed-out craters and smoking ruins.” He does not believe his parents were Nazis. But though historical hindsight has filled in many gaps for him, it has also posed questions his parents never answered, among them:

The Nazis roll into Poland in 1939.
Nazi Panzers roll into Poland in 1939.

I don’t know if my parents had already moved to Graudenz when, five years earlier, on September 3, 1939, Hitler’s Panzers rolled down its cobble-stoned streets to cheers of jubilation from the minority German population (and to the horror of the Poles), but it was in this town on the Vistula that had found itself part of Prussia, then modern Germany, then Poland, and now at my birth, Germany again, that my father decided to establish his dental practice and his family.

Like Ms. Shattuck, he wonders about his father’s and mother’s experience. What did his parents feel about the Nazis? Did they witness the persecution of the Jews? Did they know of the concentration camps? Did his father (as some anecdotal evidence suggests) defy the Nazis early on? Were they, in the end and by nature of their complacency, complicit in one of the greatest mass acts of evil history has known?

Those questions and more have not diminished in urgency, as Ms. Shattuck’s essay, and its reach, have shown. And while the children and grandchildren of the generation that brought Hitler to power have gone on with their lives and done good deeds—and, in Europe, become the cornerstone of a pan-European peace-keeping effort—they can never quite escape the stigma of Germany’s great sin.

The issue of the Nazis was a very sensitive one for my client to address in his book. But address it he did in scenes such as the one I mentioned earlier, where, in 2004, Dr. Sonntag delivers his “Personal Reflections of the Cold War” to an audience of stoic German doctors. Seeing their reaction, he concludes:

“It seemed that what had happened to my family, and to me, was a piece of a larger story that many Germans of my generation have been unable to tell, or even to explore for themselves. After all, our stories stemmed from our family histories, and who wanted to hear about the hardships German people faced after the war? Who wanted to hear how the generation of Germans who had brought the Nazis to power overcame adversity, did good work, loved and sacrificed for their children?

And it is that scene that has provided my response to Charli’s flash fiction challenge this week: March 23, 2017 prompt: In 99 words (no more, no less) write about an audience. It can be broad or small, and gathered for any reason. How does your character react to an audience? Is the audience itself a character. Go where the prompt leads.

So imagine now that generation to which Dr. Sonntag belongs, a generation that inherited both the ignominy of the Nazi legacy and the silence to which that legacy condemned his parents’ generation—and their families. Imagine a cadre of very successful members of that first postwar generation gathered together to reflect on their experience. Here then, named after and modified from the chapter in the book in which it appears, is my flash.

Dresden

When I’d finished speaking, the air in the hall felt like a single, collective breath being held. Then clapping surged, a hard rain on a tin roof.

Several fellow Germans made their way to the podium.

“Very fitting, Doctor,” one said, his voice breaking. “I’ve not thought about those days in so long.”

“Your story is my own,” said another. “No one has talked about what happened to us after the war.”

Last was the distinguished head of a large hospital. Blinking through tears, he took my hand. “Thank you,” he said. “I’m very grateful.”

My own throat closed.

 

 

Working Titles

Having struggled with titling a book (and subtitling it!), I appreciated today’s post by writer Lance Schaubert on Writer Unboxed, and his “quick manual on how to title a work.”

If writing a novel is like having a baby, then titling it is like naming your kid. And parents fret over the names of their children. Big time. Have you seen the sheer number and size of baby name …

Source: Working Titles

7 Great Books on Writing Memoir

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With my client’s medical memoir gone to press, I’ve been reflecting on the four-year journey that took us from our first meeting in 2013, to the completion of a full-length personal history/life story in 2014, and to the transformation of that life story into a medical memoir set for publication in December of 2016. Below are 7 books on the craft of memoir writing that got me started and still serve as valuable resources.
Writing the Memoir: A practical guide to the craft, the personal challenges, and ethical dilemmas of writing your true stories by Judith Barrington: The first guide I ever picked up on memoir writing and one of the most practical, addressing issues of craft, ethics, structure, with writing suggestions following each chapter. Take a look at the chapter headings for quick look-see at the helpful topics covered.

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Old Friend from Far Away: The Practice of Writing Memoir by Natalie Goldberg: “Through timed, associative, and meditative exercises, Old Friend from Far Away guides you to the attentive state of thought in which you discover and open forgotten doors of memory.” Writers are invited to respond to varied and creative prompts, from writing about relentless dreams, to radishes and salmon, to everything you know about ice cream. With excerpts from established memoir writers.

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Stephen King on Writing: a Memoir of the Craft by Stephen King: The master story-teller chronicles, in the first half of this book, how he became a writer, illustrating how memoir can work even without masses of details (think of the descriptions Mary Karr can summon from the deep past). The second half is a delightfully succinct guide to the craft, enhanced by a markup of the author’s own early manuscript.

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Legacy: A Step-by-Step Guide to Writing Personal History  by Linda Spence: A practical guide to capturing long-ago events with questions to help in unlocking the memories that make up a life. Aimed at writers wishing to create a legacy for family rather than a commercial memoir, but helpful in beginning the process of remembering.
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Inventing the Truth: The Art and Craft of Memoir  by William Zinsser: Authors Russell Baker, Jill Kerr Conway, Annie Dillard, Frank McCourt, Toni Morrison, and Zinsser “explore the craft of memoir, defined here as a portion of a life, narrower in scope than autobiography.” Great insights into the process of structuring vastly different memoirs from family history to coming-of-age stories and more.

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Writing About Your Life: A Journey into the Past by William Zinsser: My favorite guide of all, in which the author takes the reader “on a memoir of his own” recalling “dramatic, amusing, and often surprising moments in his long and varied life as a writer, editor, teacher, and traveler.” A master teacher as well as celebrated writer, Zinsser uses his own experience to explain technical decisions such as selection, condensation, focus, attitude, voice, and tone.

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Modern American Memoirs, an anthology edited by Annie Dillard and Cort Conley: Samples from 35 of the finest memoirs written in this century, including contributions by such diverse writers as Margaret Mead, Malcolm X, Maxine Hong Kingston, Loren Eisely, and Zora Neale Hurston.

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Of course one of the best ways to learn how to write memoir is reading deeply in that genre. I’ll share some of my favorite memoirs in another post. For now, I leave you with a question: What are your favorite books on the craft of memoir writing?

Of Libraries, Books, and Freedom

Marian the Librarian

One of the few compensations of being a four-eyed girl was the knee-jerk assumption on the part of others that I was bookish. And I was. By the time I got glasses at the age of eight—when a compulsory eye exam at school revealed to my overworked parents that I was nearsighted as a bat—I had been devouring books for three years. No wonder I loved libraries from the get-go.

Not that we didn’t have a few resources at home. One of the very few valuable items my parents invested in when I was a young child was a set of encyclopedias. Diving randomly into a volume was, for me, as engrossing as surfing the Internet on an iPad is to a child today. The only other place one could get access to so many fascinating words and stories was through the periodic delivery of cheap but entertaining Scholastic Books at school, or . . . the library.

When I think of libraries, the first one to come to mind is the two-story converted house on dusty Eva Street in Sunnyslope Arizona in the early 1960s. It was probably a much smaller house than I remember, but walking up the front curved staircase to the second floor made me feel I was a guest at a country manor with rooms of hidden delights. Indeed, the stacks where I hunkered down pulling books from the crammed shelves were just that: vast chambers where my imagination took flight. On Eva Street I discovered my first Arabian Knights, endless books about ballet, early historical fiction—one I remember is The Oregon Trail—stories from different lands, and biographies for youngsters. It never mattered to me that I’d have to trudge home balancing my load of six or seven or eight books. That one could take as many books as one could carry—and for free!—was more license than a child could hope for.

Other libraries came and went. By high school the public ones were cleaner but rather institutional brick-and-mortar buildings. By then I was mixing more serious fiction (the English and American classics) with Gothic Romance: Victoria Holt’s Mistress of Mellyn (the classic governess-falls-for-the-master-of-the-house tale) was one I reread a dozen times. To balance that frivolity, I remember checking out Mario Puzo’s The Godfather, Truman Capote’s In Cold Blood, and Helter Skelter by Vincent Bugliosi and Curt Gentry. Libraries are nothing if not pluralistic.

Then there was the vast Carl Hayden Library at Arizona State University in the late 1970s, where I struggled with the Dewey Decimal system to find texts on Spanish literary greats and Latin American politics. And the narrow, secluded stacks in the back of the building on the top floor of the campus library at Beppu Daigaku (University) a decade later, where I had no competition checking out the works in English of one Japanese master after another: Mishima Yukio’s heartrendingly simple tale, The Sound of Waves; Kawabata Yasunari ‘s Snow Country and The Old Capital; Oliver Statler’s delightful history, Japanese Inn.

I still love libraries today. For a decade or so, Borders and Barnes and Noble stole me away, but before long both chains betrayed their original promise, revealing their insensible, market-driven hearts of mud. Navigating paths through Star Wars toys and shelves of YA Hunger Games knock-offs does not, for this reader, make for a positive book-browsing experience. And though I turn to Amazon from time to time, it’s the library that calls me, with its quiet shelves of books, its diversity, its knowledgeable and universally helpful staff, and it noble mission to advance literacy and thinking in the nation’s people, no matter what our origins or means.

Today I am fortunate in that I inhabit a fairly decent library of my own, thanks largely to “the professor” (aka Tom, my husband.) Tom was so devastated at having been forced to sell his Encyclopedia Britannia during a particularly bad stretch of “down-and-out” back in 1978 that he has never parted with a book since.

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One wall of Tom’s Science Fiction Room. The magazines on the left are a recent addition: 350 issues of Galaxy Magazine going back to the first one in 1950.

 

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The professor in his study (previously known as the front room.)

 

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A “Room of My Own”…the reading corner in my study. I have since added another large bookshelf to the left of the one present.

 

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And the blogger’s desk. A larger bookcase has replaced the small one here.

This post was inspired by Charli Mills’s flash fiction challenge over at Carrot Ranch: March 2, 2016 prompt: In 99 words (no more, no less) write a story that includes a library. You can honor the libraries in your own experience, dream about libraries of the future or explore a community without one.

I’ve chosen for mine, a particular kind of community…

A Free Man

The Protective Custody yard wasn’t quite solitary confinement. He could hear inmates in the other cells. Could call out to them. One hour a day he stretched in the barren exercise yard. The rest of the time, it was the eight-by-ten cell. Time seemed to stop.

Except when the book cart rattled by. Beats me, he thought, how a prison can have such a great library. The Brothers Karamazov, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. Vonnegut. Joseph Conrad. It was the only thing keeping him sane. The only thing reminding him he was, where it counted, a free man.